Docker 安装 Redis
Redis 是当下最流行的 NoSQL
key-value 缓存数据库之一,Docker 安装 Redis
的方式有两种
如果你是 Docker
初学者,如果你以后长期使用 Redis
,我们建议你两种方法都试一试,为什么呢?
原因很简单,第一种方法,简单快捷,第二种方法,就是尝试自己编译安装
1. docker pull redis
如果想以最简单的方式安装 Redis
, 可以直接使用 docker pull redis
命令
流程如下
-
查找
Docker Hub
上的redis
镜像[root@localhost ~]# docker search redis NAME ... OFFICIAL ... redis ... [OK] ...
列表很多,我们推荐你使用
OFFICIAL = OK
的那条 -
拉取官方最新的
Redis
镜像[root@localhost ~]# docker pull redis Using default tag: latest ...
-
稍等片刻,下载完成后就可以在本地镜像列表里看到
redis
的镜像了[root@localhost apache]# docker images redis REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE redis latest bfcb1f6df2db 3 weeks ago 106.7 MB
2. 通过 Dockerfile 文件构建
这种方式复杂一些,但因为是编写脚本,所以我们知道如何去编译安装 Redis
-
创建目录
redis
,用于存放后面的相关东西[root@localhost ~]# mkdir -p ~/redis/data
目录 说明 redis 该目录存放 Dockerfile 文件和 db 数据库目录 data 该将映射为 redis 容器配置的 /data 目录,作为 redi s数据持久化的存储目录 -
进入创建的
redis
目录,创建文件docker-entrypoint.sh
[root@localhost ~]# cd redis [root@localhost redis] touch docker-entrypoint.sh [root@localhost redis] chmod +x docker-entrypoint.sh [root@localhost redis] vi docker-entrypoint.sh
复制粘贴以下内容:
# !/bin/sh # 注意上一行去掉 # ! 之间的空格 set -e # first arg is `-f` or `--some-option` # or first arg is `something.conf` if [ "${1#-}" != "$1" ] || [ "${1%.conf}" != "$1" ]; then set -- redis-server "$@" fi # allow the container to be started with `--user` if [ "$1" = 'redis-server' -a "$(id -u)" = '0' ]; then chown -R redis . exec gosu redis "$0" "$@" fi exec "$@"
-
创建文件
Dockerfile
[root@localhost redis] vi Dockerfile
然后复制粘贴以下内容
FROM debian:jessie-slim # 添加组和用户 RUN groupadd -r redis && useradd -r -g redis redis # grab gosu for easy step-down from root # https://github.com/tianon/gosu/releases ENV GOSU_VERSION 1.10 RUN set -ex; \ \ fetchDeps='ca-certificates wget'; \ apt-get update; \ apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends $fetchDeps; \ rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*; \ \ dpkgArch="$(dpkg --print-architecture | awk -F- '{ print $NF }')"; \ wget -O /usr/local/bin/gosu "https://github.com/tianon/gosu/releases/download/$GOSU_VERSION/gosu-$dpkgArch"; \ wget -O /usr/local/bin/gosu.asc "https://github.com/tianon/gosu/releases/download/$GOSU_VERSION/gosu-$dpkgArch.asc"; \ export GNUPGHOME="$(mktemp -d)"; \ gpg --keyserver ha.pool.sks-keyservers.net --recv-keys B42F6819007F00F88E364FD4036A9C25BF357DD4; \ gpg --batch --verify /usr/local/bin/gosu.asc /usr/local/bin/gosu; \ rm -r "$GNUPGHOME" /usr/local/bin/gosu.asc; \ chmod +x /usr/local/bin/gosu; \ gosu nobody true; \ \ apt-get purge -y --auto-remove $fetchDeps ENV REDIS_VERSION 3.2.11 ENV REDIS_DOWNLOAD_URL http://download.redis.io/releases/redis-3.2.11.tar.gz ENV REDIS_DOWNLOAD_SHA 31ae927cab09f90c9ca5954aab7aeecc3bb4da6087d3d12ba0a929ceb54081b5 # for redis-sentinel see: http://redis.io/topics/sentinel RUN set -ex; \ \ buildDeps=' \ wget \ \ gcc \ libc6-dev \ make \ '; \ apt-get update; \ apt-get install -y $buildDeps --no-install-recommends; \ rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*; \ \ wget -O redis.tar.gz "$REDIS_DOWNLOAD_URL"; \ echo "$REDIS_DOWNLOAD_SHA *redis.tar.gz" | sha256sum -c -; \ mkdir -p /usr/src/redis; \ tar -xzf redis.tar.gz -C /usr/src/redis --strip-components=1; \ rm redis.tar.gz; \ \ # disable Redis protected mode [1] as it is unnecessary in context of Docker # (ports are not automatically exposed when running inside Docker, but rather explicitly by specifying -p / -P) # [1]: https://github.com/antirez/redis/commit/edd4d555df57dc84265fdfb4ef59a4678832f6da grep -q '^#define CONFIG_DEFAULT_PROTECTED_MODE 1$' /usr/src/redis/src/server.h; \ sed -ri 's!^(#define CONFIG_DEFAULT_PROTECTED_MODE) 1$!\1 0!' /usr/src/redis/src/server.h; \ grep -q '^#define CONFIG_DEFAULT_PROTECTED_MODE 0$' /usr/src/redis/src/server.h; \ # for future reference, we modify this directly in the source instead of just supplying a default configuration flag because apparently "if you specify any argument to redis-server, [it assumes] you are going to specify everything" # see also https://github.com/docker-library/redis/issues/4#issuecomment-50780840 # (more exactly, this makes sure the default behavior of "save on SIGTERM" stays functional by default) \ make -C /usr/src/redis -j "$(nproc)"; \ make -C /usr/src/redis install; \ \ rm -r /usr/src/redis; \ \ apt-get purge -y --auto-remove $buildDeps RUN mkdir /data && chown redis:redis /data VOLUME /data WORKDIR /data COPY docker-entrypoint.sh /usr/local/bin/ ENTRYPOINT ["docker-entrypoint.sh"] EXPOSE 6379 CMD ["redis-server"]
-
使用
docker build
命令通过 Dockerfile 创建一个镜像ms-redis:3.2.11
[root@localhost redis]# docker build -t ms-redis:3.2.11 . Sending build context to Docker daemon 5.632 kB ....
-
创建完成后,就可以在本地的镜像列表里查找到刚刚创建的镜像
[root@localhost redis]# docker images ms-redis REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE ms-redis 3.2.11 4b37d6f6199e 11 days ago 98.94 MB
运行容器
可以使用 docker run -dit
命令来运行我们刚刚创建的 ms-redis
镜像
[root@localhost redis]# docker run -p 6379:6379 -v $PWD/data:/data -d ms-redis:3.2.11 redis-server --appendonly yes c929419b17cfc433265fcd13fd2e6a56f94521082f5b5641983aad41cdb0f212
命令说明
-
-p 6379:6379
将容器的
6379
端口映射到主机的6379
端口 -
-v $PWD/data:/data
将主机中当前目录下的
data
挂载到容器的/data
-
redis-server --appendonly yes
在容器执行
redis-server
启动命令,并打开redis
持久化配置
查看容器启动情况
使用 docker ps -a
看一下刚刚的 ms-redis
启动情况
[root@localhost redis]# docker ps -a CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES c929419b17cf ms-redis:3.2.11 "docker-entrypoint.sh" 11 days ago Up 54 seconds 0.0.0.0:6379->6379/tcp ecstatic_keller
查看容器的 IP
可以使用命令 docker inspect
查看容器的 IP
docker inspect --format '{{ .NetworkSettings.IPAddress }}' <container_id>
例如可以使用下面的命令查看刚刚创建的容器的 IP
[root@localhost mongo]# docker inspect --format '{{ .NetworkSettings.IPAddress }}' c929419b17cf 172.17.0.2
连接、查看 Redis
容器
可以使用 redis
镜像执行 redis-cli
命令连接到刚启动的容器,主机 IP 为 172.17.0.2
[root@localhost mongo]# docker run -it ms-redis:3.2.11 redis-cli -h 172.17.0.2 172.17.0.2:6379> info # Server redis_version:3.2.11 redis_git_sha1:00000000 redis_git_dirty:0 redis_build_id:9f71ab69a5226d40 redis_mode:standalone os:Linux 4.4.27-moby x86_64 arch_bits:64 multiplexing_api:epoll gcc_version:4.9.2 process_id:1 run_id:757444b615f3e9152e42da031b038547b0e38853 tcp_port:6379 uptime_in_seconds:389 uptime_in_days:0 hz:10 lru_clock:16706141 executable:/data/redis-server config_file: # Clients connected_clients:1 client_longest_output_list:0 client_biggest_input_buf:0 blocked_clients:0 # Memory used_memory:822408 used_memory_human:803.13K used_memory_rss:4034560 used_memory_rss_human:3.85M used_memory_peak:822408 used_memory_peak_human:803.13K total_system_memory:2094944256 total_system_memory_human:1.95G used_memory_lua:37888 used_memory_lua_human:37.00K maxmemory:0 maxmemory_human:0B maxmemory_policy:noeviction mem_fragmentation_ratio:4.91 mem_allocator:jemalloc-4.0.3 # Persistence loading:0 rdb_changes_since_last_save:0 rdb_bgsave_in_progress:0 rdb_last_save_time:1526655192 rdb_last_bgsave_status:ok rdb_last_bgsave_time_sec:-1 rdb_current_bgsave_time_sec:-1 aof_enabled:1 aof_rewrite_in_progress:0 aof_rewrite_scheduled:0 aof_last_rewrite_time_sec:-1 aof_current_rewrite_time_sec:-1 aof_last_bgrewrite_status:ok aof_last_write_status:ok aof_current_size:0 aof_base_size:0 aof_pending_rewrite:0 aof_buffer_length:0 aof_rewrite_buffer_length:0 aof_pending_bio_fsync:0 aof_delayed_fsync:0 # Stats total_connections_received:1 total_commands_processed:1 instantaneous_ops_per_sec:0 total_net_input_bytes:31 total_net_output_bytes:9928 instantaneous_input_kbps:0.00 instantaneous_output_kbps:0.00 rejected_connections:0 sync_full:0 sync_partial_ok:0 sync_partial_err:0 expired_keys:0 evicted_keys:0 keyspace_hits:0 keyspace_misses:0 pubsub_channels:0 pubsub_patterns:0 latest_fork_usec:0 migrate_cached_sockets:0 # Replication role:master connected_slaves:0 master_repl_offset:0 repl_backlog_active:0 repl_backlog_size:1048576 repl_backlog_first_byte_offset:0 repl_backlog_histlen:0 # CPU used_cpu_sys:0.77 used_cpu_user:1.21 used_cpu_sys_children:0.00 used_cpu_user_children:0.00 # Cluster cluster_enabled:0 # Keyspace 172.17.0.2:6379>